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Flax fiber with shives is a natural composite-like material in which high-quality bast fibers from the flax plant (Linum usitatissimum) remain partially connected with small woody particles called shives—by-products of stem processing. Historically, this type of fiber occurred naturally in traditional, less refined processing methods, especially in household production where fine combing was not a priority. It was commonly used for coarse fabrics, ropes, and technical textiles. The production process includes harvesting flax, retting, breaking the stems to separate shives from fibers (often using a flax brake), scutching, and only light hackling or combing. As a result, some shives remain embedded in the fiber mass, making the material rougher and less uniform, but highly absorbent and fully biodegradable. In the textile and related industries, flax fiber with shives is mainly used for technical applications such as coarse cloth, ropes, insulation materials, mats, eco-panels, cardboard-like products, animal bedding, and as a filler in bio-based composites for construction. Its advantages include full utilization of the plant, low waste production, reduced processing costs, ecological origin, and good insulation properties. The main disadvantage is its low softness and rough texture, which makes it unsuitable for fine apparel textiles.