weaving
Method of making textiles, based on the rectangular crossing of two sets of threads – warp and weft. Mechanically separated groups of warp threads move alternately up and down according to a predetermined order, while the warp is threaded through the gap (the gap between the layers of threads). The preparation for weaving is weaving. Weaving developed from weaving the weft into the warp. In the first half of the 20th century, mats and bags (cégre) were made from split bat stems in the area of Nové Zámky and Galanta. In Čičmany and Ždiar, they “weaved” (knitted) single- and multi-colored ribbons with a needle. In Slovakia, in the first half of the 20th century, riverbeds were made from bast and thin sedges (stalks), laces on cards and plates were made by weaving in Kysucie. Of all the methods, the most mechanized was weaving on horizontal looms with heddles, used in artisanal weaving and in the second half of the 20th century also in home weaving. In hand-weaving on looms, the warp was created using heddles, controlled via footrests, which were stepped on with the feet. A shuttle or stick was used to thread the warp through the loom, which was then pushed against the finished fabric with a bridle placed in the loom shaft. At the same time, the appropriate footrest was stepped on again and the process was repeated. In Slovakia, weaving on looms was also the most widespread method of hand-making textiles.
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