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Wool

Wool is a natural textile fibre obtained primarily from the fleece of sheep, but also from goats, camels, rabbits, and other animals. Its history dates back to the Neolithic period—sheep were domesticated and wool was used for clothing more than 10,000 years ago in ancient Egypt, Mesopotamia, and India. Wool reached its greatest importance during the Middle Ages, when it became the foundation of the European textile industry, particularly in England and Italy. Processing includes shearing, washing, carding or combing, sometimes carbonisation (removal of impurities using acid), followed by spinning, weaving, or knitting. Wool is distinguished by its unique fibre structure—individual fibres are naturally crimped and elastic, capable of absorbing up to 30% of their weight in moisture without feeling wet, while providing excellent thermal insulation and hygienic properties. In the textile industry, wool is used to manufacture high-quality garments such as coats, sweaters, hats, and scarves, as well as home textiles including blankets and carpets, technical textiles, and artistic products. Fine fibres such as Merino wool and cashmere are especially valued. Wool is renewable, biodegradable, and recyclable, making it an important material in sustainable fashion.
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Organization name Detail
grey poetess More information
Priadka More information
Laura Jakob More information

About the material

Phase Phase 1
Origin
Material group
Material type
Material specification wool
Text source Textilepedia : slovo Wool https://mono.fashion/2017/07/31/prirodne-materialy-2/
Photo source
Traditional / Innovative traditional
Sustainability Yes
Sustainability description
Fiber color
Properties - fineness
Properties - length
Properties - strength
Properties - elasticity
Properties - elongation and fiber density
Other properties
Processing techniques related to this material
Processing - description
Institution to contact
Open-air museum
Museum
Literature used

Technologies

  • industrial fabric softening

    Industrial fabric softening in the textile industry primarily concerns the process of softening water used during washing, dyeing and other textile...

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  • industrial weaving

    Industrial weaving is a technological process for fabric production in which two sets of yarns – warp (longitudinal threads) and weft (transverse...

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  • industrial spinning

    Industrial spinning is a technological process in which loose textile fibers (natural or synthetic) are mechanically processed and twisted into a...

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  • industrial combing

    Industrial combing of fibers (e.g. wool, cotton) using machines that clean, straighten, and prepare them for further processing.

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This phase of the project Library of Local Textile Materials was supported by the Slovak Arts Council.

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